Open AccessGreater IL-6, D-dimer, and ICAM-1 Levels Are Associated With Lower Small HDL Particle Concentration in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study
Author(s) -
Sudipa Sarkar,
Sabina A. Haberlen,
Seamus P. Whelton,
Edward E. Schneider,
Lawrence Kingsley,
Frank J. Palella,
Mallory D. Witt,
Theodoros Kelesidis,
Annabelle Rodríguez,
Wendy S. Post,
Todd T. Brown
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
open forum infectious diseases
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.546
H-Index - 35
ISSN - 2328-8957
DOI - 10.1093/ofid/ofz474
Subject(s) - serostatus , medicine , multicenter aids cohort study , population , systemic inflammation , cohort , cohort study , immunology , risk factor , inflammation , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , gastroenterology , viral load , antiretroviral therapy , environmental health
Background Low HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) is common in people living with HIV infection, which is associated with inflammation, and correlates with greater cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. HDL particles are subfractions of HDL, and in some general population studies, higher small HDL particle number (HDL-P) has been associated with lower CVD risk. The objective of this study was to determine whether HIV serostatus and systemic inflammation were associated with small HDL-P in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS). Methods The MACS is composed of HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected men. Separate linear regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the associations between outcomes (small HDL-P, large HDL-P, total HDL-P, and HDL size) and variables of interest (interleukin-6 (IL-6), D-dimer, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) levels), with adjustment for other CVD risk factors. Results The study population included 553 HIV-infected (88.1% on current ART) and 319 HIV-uninfected men. The mean age was 52.7 years for HIV-infected men and 55.3 years for HIV-uninfected men. In separate models of the study population, higher log IL-6 was associated with lower total and small HDL-P (P < 0.01 for both), independent of HIV serostatus and CVD risk factors. Similar results were seen with ICAM-1. Positive HIV serostatus was associated with lower small and total HDL-P, adjusted for inflammatory markers. Conclusions Greater systemic inflammation and HIV infection were both associated with lower atheroprotective small HDL-P. This may be a potential mechanism contributing to increased cardiovascular risk among HIV-infected people.