Open AccessUrinary Cyanoethyl Mercapturic Acid, a Biomarker of the Smoke Toxicant Acrylonitrile, Clearly Distinguishes Smokers From Nonsmokers
Author(s) -
Xianghua Luo,
Steven G. Carmella,
Menglan Chen,
Joni Jensen,
Lynne R. Wilkens,
Loı̈c Le Marchand,
Dorothy K. Hatsukami,
Sharon E. Murphy,
Stephen S. Hecht
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
nicotine and tobacco research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.338
H-Index - 113
eISSN - 1469-994X
pISSN - 1462-2203
DOI - 10.1093/ntr/ntaa080
Subject(s) - cotinine , urine , smokeless tobacco , nicotine , menthol , acrylonitrile , urinary system , mercapturic acid , toxicant , biomarker , medicine , metabolite , tobacco smoke , physiology , toxicology , chemistry , environmental health , tobacco use , toxicity , biochemistry , biology , population , organic chemistry , cysteine , copolymer , enzyme , polymer
Cyanoethyl mercapturic acid (CEMA) is a urinary metabolite of acrylonitrile, a toxicant found in substantial quantities in cigarette smoke, but not in non-combusted products such as e-cigarettes or smokeless tobacco and rarely in the diet or in the general human environment. Thus, we hypothesized that CEMA is an excellent biomarker of combusted tobacco product use.