Open AccessA factor binding GATAAG confers tissue specificity on the promoter of the humanζ-globin gene
Author(s) -
Paul M. Watt,
Peter Lamb,
Lyndall Squire,
Nicholas J. Proudfoot
Publication year - 1990
Publication title -
nucleic acids research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 9.008
H-Index - 537
eISSN - 1362-4954
pISSN - 0305-1048
DOI - 10.1093/nar/18.6.1339
Subject(s) - biology , enhancer , microbiology and biotechnology , gene , promoter , transcription factor , globin , caat box , transcription (linguistics) , regulatory sequence , gene expression , genetics , linguistics , philosophy
We describe the characterisation of cis-acting sequences which control the tissue specific expression of the human zeta globin gene. An extensive search for enhancer sequences in the vicinity of this gene proved negative. Instead our data demonstrate that the minimal promoter of the zeta gene is itself tissue specific. Sequences close to and possibly including the -100 CACCC and -70 CCAAT boxes display some erythroid specificity. However the principal tissue specific element is a GATAA sequence at -120 directly adjacent to the minimal promoter. Specific deletion of GATAA reduces zeta promoter activity 5 fold in erythroid but not non-erythroid cells. We also demonstrate that an erythroid specific factor binds to this GATAA sequence. Furthermore this factor forms a complex with the transcription factor CP1 which we show interacts with the zeta CCAAT box. We present evidence that the zeta GATAA binding factor is equivalent to GF1 recently purified and cloned by Tsai et al [1]. The erythroid specific GATAA sequence has been found in the promoters and enhancers of a number of erythroid specific genes. Similarly we show here that the zeta globin gene relies on a GATAA sequence in its promoter to specify its expression in erythroid cells.