Open AccessSmoking and Incidence of Colorectal Cancer Subclassified by Tumor-Associated Macrophage Infiltrates
Author(s) -
Tomotaka Ugai,
Juha P. Väyrynen,
Koichiro Haruki,
Naohiko Akimoto,
Mai Chan Lau,
Rong Zhong,
Junko Kishikawa,
Melissa Zhao,
Kenji Fujiyoshi,
Andressa Dias Costa,
Jennifer Borowsky,
Kei Arima,
Jennifer L. Guerriero,
Charles S. Fuchs,
Xuehong Zhang,
Mingyang Song,
Molin Wang,
Marios Giannakis,
Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt,
Jonathan A. Nowak,
Shuji Ogino
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of the national cancer institute
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.797
H-Index - 356
eISSN - 1460-2105
pISSN - 0027-8874
DOI - 10.1093/jnci/djab142
Subject(s) - medicine , hazard ratio , colorectal cancer , confounding , incidence (geometry) , confidence interval , proportional hazards model , cd68 , macrophage , oncology , cancer , biology , immunohistochemistry , biochemistry , physics , optics , in vitro
Biological evidence indicates that smoking can influence macrophage functions and polarization, thereby promoting tumor evolution. We hypothesized that the association of smoking with colorectal cancer incidence might differ by macrophage infiltrates.