Open AccessHigh SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load and Low CCL5 Expression Levels in the Upper Respiratory Tract Are Associated With COVID-19 Severity
Author(s) -
Felipe PérezGarcía,
María MartinVicente,
Rosa Lía Rojas-García,
Lucía Castilla-García,
María José MuñozGómez,
Irene Hervás Fernández,
Victoria González Ventosa,
Erick Joan Vidal-Alcántara,
Juan CuadrosGonzález,
Jesús F. Bermejo-Martín,
Salvador Resino,
Isidoro Martínez
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
the journal of infectious diseases
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.69
H-Index - 252
eISSN - 1537-6613
pISSN - 0022-1899
DOI - 10.1093/infdis/jiab604
Subject(s) - viral load , immune system , respiratory tract , coronavirus , immunology , ccl5 , virology , viral replication , medicine , respiratory system , innate immune system , virus , biology , covid-19 , disease , t cell , infectious disease (medical specialty) , il 2 receptor
Mucosal immune response in the upper respiratory tract is crucial for initial control of viral replication, clearance of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and progression of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We analyzed SARS-CoV-2 RNA load and expression of selected immune genes in the upper respiratory tract (nasopharynx) of 255 SARS-CoV-2–infected patients and evaluated their association with severe COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 replication in nasopharyngeal mucosa induces expression of several innate immune genes. High SARS-CoV-2 viral load and low CCL5 expression levels were associated with intensive care unit admission or death, although CCL5 was the best predictor of COVID-19 severity.
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