Open AccessDoes Reverse Causality Underlie the Temporal Relationship Between Depression and Crohn’s Disease?
Author(s) -
Lawrence S. Gaines,
James C. Slaughter,
David A. Schwartz,
Dawn B. Beaulieu,
Sara Horst,
Robin Dalal,
Elizabeth Scoville,
Robert S. Sandler,
Michael D. Kappelman
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
inflammatory bowel diseases
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.932
H-Index - 146
eISSN - 1536-4844
pISSN - 1078-0998
DOI - 10.1093/ibd/izz123
Subject(s) - depression (economics) , causality (physics) , cognition , psychology , converse , disease , clinical psychology , medicine , psychiatry , physics , geometry , mathematics , quantum mechanics , economics , macroeconomics
Studies suggest that there is a temporal relationship between depression and Crohn's disease (CD) activity. However, these studies assumed a unidirectional relationship and did not examine the possibility of reverse causality and the risk of a spurious association due to the overlap of symptoms underlying the depression-CD relationship. We evaluated the existence of reverse causality reflected in a possible bidirectional relationship between patient-reported CD activity and an affective-cognitive dimension of depression.