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Impact of right ventricular reserve on exercise capacity and survival in patients with pulmonary hypertension
Author(s) -
Blumberg Friedrich C.,
Arzt Michael,
Lange Tobias,
Schroll Stephan,
Pfeifer Michael,
Wensel Roland
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
european journal of heart failure
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.149
H-Index - 133
eISSN - 1879-0844
pISSN - 1388-9842
DOI - 10.1093/eurjhf/hft044
Subject(s) - medicine , cardiology , pulmonary hypertension , vascular resistance , cardiac index , pulmonary artery , hemodynamics , ventricle , heart failure , cardiac output , cardiac catheterization
Aims Pulmonary hypertension is a clinical syndrome characterized by a progressive increase in pulmonary vascular resistance leading to right ventricular failure and death. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) are key subgroups of this disorder with comparable clinical and pathological findings. Resting pulmonary haemodynamics correlate only moderately with functional parameters and do not predict prognosis in these patients sufficiently accurately. We therefore correlated exercise haemodynamics with peak oxygen uptake (peakVO 2 ) and determined their prognostic significance. Methods and results Thirty‐six consecutive patients (21 female, 54 ± 15 years) with PAH ( n = 21) or inoperable CTEPH were studied. The mean follow‐up period was 1709 ± 837 days. All patients underwent right heart catheterization at rest and during exercise, and cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Patients had severe pulmonary hypertension at rest (mean pulmonary artery pressure 46 + 11 mmHg, cardiac index 2.2 ± 0.6 L/min/m 2 , pulmonary vascular resistance 861 ± 330 dynes/s/cm 5 ). Exercise cardiac index correlated with peakVO 2 ( r = 0.59, P < 0.001) and was the only independent predictor of peakVO 2 on multivariate stepwise linear regression analyses ( P < 0.001). PeakVO 2 was the strongest predictor of survival (χ 2 = 14.5, P = 0.003). Among haemodynamic variables, only exercise cardiac index (χ 2 = 5.6, P = 0.018) and the slope of the pressure/flow relationship (χ 2 = 4.1, P = 0.04) were significant prognostic indicators. Conclusion The ability of the right ventricle to increase the cardiac index during exercise is an important determinant of exercise capacity in patients with pulmonary hypertension. It also predicts prognosis and might therefore be useful in the clinical assessment of these patients.