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The Heart failure and Optimal Outcomes from Pharmacy Study (HOOPS): rationale, design, and baseline characteristics
Author(s) -
Lowrie Richard,
Mair Frances S.,
Greenlaw Nicola,
Forsyth Paul,
McConnachie Alex,
Richardson Janice,
Khan Nina,
Morrison Deborah,
Messow ClaudiaMartina,
Rae Brian,
McMurray John J.V.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
european journal of heart failure
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.149
H-Index - 133
eISSN - 1879-0844
pISSN - 1388-9842
DOI - 10.1093/eurjhf/hfr083
Subject(s) - medicine , pharmacist , heart failure , randomized controlled trial , pharmacy , intervention (counseling) , emergency medicine , cause of death , physical therapy , intensive care medicine , family medicine , disease , psychiatry
Aims The effect on mortality and morbidity of pharmacist‐led intervention to optimize pharmacological therapy in patients with systolic heart failure (HF) has not been tested in a large‐scale, long‐term, clinical trial. Methods We describe the rationale and design of a UK, primary care‐based, prospective cluster‐randomized controlled trial of a pharmacist‐led intervention in HF and report baseline characteristics of the patients randomized. Eighty‐seven practices (1092 patients) were assigned to the intervention arm and 87 practices (1077 patients) to usual care. The average age of patients at baseline was 71 years, 70% were male, 86% were treated with an angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker and 62% with a beta‐blocker. Data for the primary outcome of death from any cause or hospitalization for HF will be available up to 31 December 2010, giving a mean follow‐up of 5 years. More than 750 patients would have experienced the primary outcome during this period. The first secondary outcome is death from any cause or hospitalization for a cardiovascular reason. Deaths and hospitalizations are being identified using the Scottish National Health Service electronic patient record‐linkage system (hence the delay between the end of follow‐up and database lock). Conclusion This trial is powered to provide a robust evaluation of the effect of pharmacist‐led treatment optimization in patients with systolic HF in primary care.