Applications and explorations of CRISPR/Cas9 in CAR T-cell therapy

Chimeric antigen receptor(CAR) T-cell therapy has shown remarkable effects and promising prospects in patients with refractory or relapsed malignancies, pending further progress in the next-generation CAR T cells with more optimized structure, enhanced efficacy and reduced toxicities. The clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeat/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) technology holds immense promise for advancing the field owing to its flexibility, simplicity, high efficiency and multiplexing in precise genome editing. Herein, we review the applications and explorations of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in constructing allogenic universal CAR T cells, disrupting inhibitory signaling to enhance potency and exploration of safer and more controllable novel CAR T cells.