Open AccessTranscriptomic Analysis of Cardiomyocyte Extracellular Vesicles in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Reveals Differential snoRNA Cargo
Author(s) -
Victoria James,
Zubair Ahmed Nizamudeen,
Daniel Lea,
Tania Dottorini,
Terri Holmes,
Benjamin B. Johnson,
Kenton P. Arkill,
Chris Denning,
James G.W. Smith
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
stem cells and development
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.99
H-Index - 114
eISSN - 1557-8534
pISSN - 1547-3287
DOI - 10.1089/scd.2021.0202
Subject(s) - biology , transcriptome , small nucleolar rna , hypertrophic cardiomyopathy , induced pluripotent stem cell , crispr , microbiology and biotechnology , rna splicing , phenotype , microvesicles , gene , genetics , gene expression , rna , long non coding rna , microrna , biochemistry , embryonic stem cell
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is characterized by increased left ventricular wall thickness that can lead to devastating conditions such as heart failure and sudden cardiac death. Despite extensive study, the mechanisms mediating many of the associated clinical manifestations remain unknown and human models are required. To address this, human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) lines were generated from patients with a HCM-associated mutation (c. ACTC1 G301A ) and isogenic controls created by correcting the mutation using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology. Cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) were differentiated from these hiPSCs and analyzed at baseline, and at increased contractile workload (2 Hz electrical stimulation). Released extracellular vesicles (EVs) were isolated and characterized after a 24-h culture period and transcriptomic analysis performed on both hiPSC-CMs and released EVs. Transcriptomic analysis of cellular mRNA showed the HCM mutation caused differential splicing within known HCM pathways, and disrupted metabolic pathways. Analysis at increasing contraction frequency showed further disruption of metabolic gene expression, with an additive effect in the HCM background. Intriguingly, we observed differences in snoRNA cargo within HCM released EVs that specifically altered when HCM hiPSC-CMs were subjected to increased workload. These snoRNAs were predicted to have roles in post-translational modifications and alternative splicing, processes differentially regulated in HCM. As such, the snoRNAs identified in this study may unveil mechanistic insight into unexplained HCM phenotypes and offer potential future use as HCM biomarkers or as targets in future RNA-targeting therapies.