Open AccessInfluence of Omega-3 Fatty Acid-Rich Fish Oils on Hyperlipidemia: Effect of Eel, Sardine, Trout, and Cod Oils on Hyperlipidemic Mice
Author(s) -
Martha Kontostathi,
Sofia Isou,
Dimitrios Mostratos,
Vassilis Vasdekis,
Nikolaos Demertzis,
Angeliki P. Kourounakis,
Andreas Vitsos,
Maria Kyriazi,
Dimitrios Melissos,
Charilaos Tsitouris,
Evangelos Karalis,
Lykourgos Klamarias,
Fotini Dania,
G.Th. Papaioannou,
Vassilios Roussis,
Evangelos Polychronopoulos,
J. Anastassopoulou,
T. Théophanides,
Michail-Christou Rallis,
Homer S. Black
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of medicinal food
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.597
H-Index - 80
eISSN - 1557-7600
pISSN - 1096-620X
DOI - 10.1089/jmf.2020.0114
Subject(s) - sardine , fish oil , hyperlipidemia , dyslipidemia , trout , polyunsaturated fatty acid , medicine , cod liver oil , chemistry , eicosapentaenoic acid , blood lipids , endocrinology , cholesterol , fatty acid , biology , food science , biochemistry , fishery , fish <actinopterygii> , diabetes mellitus
Dyslipidemia is one of the most important cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (FAs), and especially omega-3 FAs, could significantly contribute to the management of dyslipidemia and the prevention of CVD. The anti-hyperlipidemic effect of selected fish oils (eel, sardine, trout, cod liver) was comparatively evaluated in a high fat diet (HFD)-fed mouse model. At the end of 30 days on the HFD, all animals were hyperlipidemic and were switched to a diet consisting of 90% standard rodent chow plus 10% of oil from eel, sardine, cod liver, or trout. At the end of 60 days on these diets, blood glucose, total blood cholesterol, triglycerides (TGs), and high density lipoprotein (HDL) were quantitated. All diets, except sardine and standard rodent chow, showed statistically significant decreases in blood glucose from day 30 to 90. Total blood cholesterol decreased in all diets except the HFD group, which was continued on this diet until the end of the study. Eel and cod liver oil diets showed significant decreases in TGs. All dietary groups showed a decrease in HDL, but only the trout and standard chow groups exhibited statistically significant decreases. The fish oils tested here for effects on hyperlipidemia vary in per cent of omega-3 FAs and omega-6/-3 FA ratios as determined by gas chromatography Overall, smoked eel was the best source of omega-3 FA, with a balance of omega-6 FA, that ameliorated HFD-induced mixed hyperlipidemia.