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The exploitation of plant extracts for the synthesis of nano selenium having antibacterial and antioxidant activities is an exciting approach to counteract the prevalence of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which holds relevance for medical and food industries. In the present work, a green and facile method for the preparation of nano selenium (nSe) using the fruit extract of Indian gooseberry ( Phyllanthus Emblica ) has been reported. The optical and structural properties of the as-synthesized nSe were studied through various characterization techniques. Eventually, the antioxidant potential of nSe was investigated via 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl free radical scavenging assays. Parallely, the antibacterial activity of nSe against  Escherichia coli ,  Staphylococcus aureus  and  Pseudomonas aeruginosa  was evaluated. The antioxidant assays indicated that even low dosage of nSe showed excellent activity with EC 50  values of 0.21  μ g ml −1  and 3.34  μ g ml −1 , respectively. Moreover, nSe exhibited significant inhibition in bacterial growth at low minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values against  Escherichia coli  (16  μ g ml −1 ),  Staphylococcus aureus  (32  μ g ml −1 ) and  Pseudomonas aeruginosa  (48  μ g ml −1 ) compared to MIC values for standard drug ampicillin. Importantly, nSe did not induce any cytotoxic effects on normal human keratinocytes (HaCaT) at the tested concentrations; representing their biocompatible nature. The data obtained demonstrated the versatility of phytogreen nSe as a potent antioxidant and antibacterial agent to effectively prevent as well as treat multidrug-resistant bacterial infections.

Phytogreen synthesis of multifunctional nano selenium with antibacterial and antioxidant implications