Open AccessEffect of mono-dopants (Mg2+) and co-dopants (Mg2+, Zr4+) on the dielectric, ferroelectric and optical properties of BaTiO3 ceramics
Author(s) -
Mst. Sharmin Mostari,
Jahidul Haque,
Sunbeam Rahman Ankur,
Abdul Matin,
Ahsan Habib Munna
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
materials research express
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.383
H-Index - 35
ISSN - 2053-1591
DOI - 10.1088/2053-1591/ab7e4c
Subject(s) - materials science , dopant , analytical chemistry (journal) , ferroelectricity , dielectric , scanning electron microscope , ceramic , grain boundary , band gap , rietveld refinement , perovskite (structure) , ferroelectric ceramics , crystallography , nuclear chemistry , mineralogy , crystal structure , doping , microstructure , metallurgy , chemistry , composite material , optoelectronics , chromatography
In this work, BaTiO 3 , Ba(Mg 0.01 Ti 0.99 )O 3 , Ba(Mg 0.015 Ti 0.985 )O 3 , Ba(Mg 0.02 Ti 0.98 )O 3 and Ba(Mg 0.01 Zr 0.15 Ti 0.84 )O 3 ceramics have been prepared through conventional solid-state route to investigate the effects of Mg 2+ and Zr 4+ dopants as mono-substitution (only Mg 2+ ) and co-substitution (Mg 2+ and Zr 4+ ) of B-site on the structural, electrical and optical properties of BaTiO 3 ceramics. Exhibiting perovskite structure, Ba(Mg x Ti 1− x ) O 3 ceramics revealed a decrement pattern of tetragonality with the increment of the concentration of MgO which was confirmed through Rietveld analysis. Morphological analysis of the sintered samples by scanning electron microscope showed a grain growth retardation phenomenon with Mg 2+ addition. Releasing from this retardation process, Ba(Mg 0.01 Zr 0.15 Ti 0.84 )O 3 showed a maximum dielectric constant of ∼1269.94 due to the enhanced domain wall motion and the confinement within the solubility limit of Mg 2+ . The ferroelectric characteristic of Ba(Mg x Ti 1− x ) O 3 was sluggish due to the effects of grain size and its boundary. The optical band gap for BaTiO 3 was found to be decreased from 3.55 eV to 3.06 eV with the addition Mg 2+ content but for Ba(Mg 0.01 Zr 0.15 Ti 0.84 )O 3 , the value increased due to the Burstein-Moss effect. Again the FTIR analysis proved that no impurity phases were formed during the doping phenomenon, but in Ba(Mg x Ti 1- x ) O 3 ceramics, a significant reduction of Ti-O bond strength was observed. However, BaTiO 3 , Ba(Mg 0.01 Ti 0.99 )O 3 , Ba(Mg 0.015 Ti 0.985 )O 3 and Ba(Mg 0.02 Ti 0.98 )O 3 ceramics had manifested P-E loop having lower remanent polarization and coercive field compared to Ba(Mg 0.01 Zr 0.15 Ti 0.84 )O 3 ceramics with moderate electrical and optical properties. So, co-doping with Mg 2+ and Zr 4+ evidenced a favorable accession for the increment of the properties of BaTiO 3 ceramics.