Open AccessA comparison of Two Methods of the Environmental Treatment for Water Wells: Case Study in Kufa City -Iraq
Author(s) -
Musa Alshammari,
Maad F. Al Juboury,
Hayder H. Al-Gretawee
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
iop conference series. materials science and engineering
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1757-899X
pISSN - 1757-8981
DOI - 10.1088/1757-899x/871/1/012008
Subject(s) - salinity , environmental science , irrigation , water quality , environmental engineering , groundwater , sulfate , raw water , water well , agriculture , hydrology (agriculture) , chemistry , agronomy , geology , geotechnical engineering , geography , ecology , oceanography , organic chemistry , archaeology , biology
Water wells are considered one of the important sources for drinking and agricultural needs. To improve the quality of water wells, ten samples were taken from water wells, which are located in various places from Kufa city /Najaf. Wells are used for multi purposes: irrigation, drinking, cooking and other household uses. Two methods were adopted to achieve the essential requirement; one is ion exchange, while the other is activated carbon method. Study results show the unsafe of some water wells used for drinking purposes because some ions concentrations have exceeded the allowable limits of sulfate SO4-, chlorides Cl-, and also water hardness. All these parameters exceeded the limits for drinking uses. However, they were within the allowable magnitudes for agricultural uses. Water wells can classify into two classes, one for irrigation water with high salinity valid to irrigate some crops, which withstand a certain percentage of salinity in soils. The second was classified as water with very high salinity, which have used in case of irrigating crops that resist high levels of salinity. Study concluded that the method of activated charcoal was improved the water quality better than method of ion exchange.