Open AccessInfluence of ultrasound on the concentration of hydrogen ions in water
Author(s) -
Pavel Vikulin,
Vera Vikulina
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
iop conference series. materials science and engineering
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1757-899X
pISSN - 1757-8981
DOI - 10.1088/1757-899x/869/4/042007
Subject(s) - cavitation , ultrasonic sensor , sonochemistry , vibration , acoustics , materials science , mechanics , bubble , transducer , acoustic streaming , physics
The paper deals with the physical and chemical effects arising in water under the action of the energy of elastic vibrations of ultrasonic frequency in the cavitation mode. Cavitation state is characterized by the formation of the gas and air cavities - bubbles in the aquatic environment. The theory of occurrence of high temperatures at the moment of collapse of a cavitation bubble in water is given. It is noted that there is a dissimilation of the substance of free active radicals, dissociated and ionized molecules. The kinetics of chemical reactions in the ultrasonic field under the cavitation regime is described. Methods for obtaining ultrasonic cavitation in a liquid medium with a description of the generation of ultrasonic vibrations and a list of transducers and types of emitters are given. A relatively wide spectrum of radiated frequencies and instability of frequency and amplitude of oscillations are considered. The choice of ultrasonic generator is justified due to the necessary frequencies and intensities for the excitation of cavitation in water (f = 18-22 kHz, I = 2.0 W/cm 2 ), technological considerations about the possibility of mounting the transducer in an existing production line, as well as safety and efficiency issues. The relevance, purpose and objectives of the work are formulated. The equipment and methods of experimental research are presented. Laboratory experimental studies on the effect of ultrasonic vibrations in the cavitation mode on the change of water pH were carried out. It is shown that bubbles formed in the ultrasonic field in the studied water collapse and create micro-explosions, shock waves and micro-flows. The results of studies on the change of pH in water are shown and the analysis of experimental data is performed. The experimental studies made it possible to substantiate the conclusions of this work and to formulate a conclusion about the influence of the ultrasonic field in the cavitation mode on the pH of the aqueous medium and its further application in water treatment processes.