Implementation of backpropagation artificial neural network for early detection of vitamin and mineral deficiency

Basic Health Research data in 2018 show that around 95.5 percent of Indonesian people less consumption of fruit and vegetables. This condition then leads to the suspicion of vitamin and mineral deficiency in Indonesia people. Several methods have been used to detect vitamin and mineral deficiency, such as convolutional rule-based and certainty factor method. However, these methods are less adaptive to adapt to the changes in symptoms when detecting vitamin and mineral deficiencies. This paper proposes an artificial neural network (ANN) using backpropagation (BPN) to detect the vitamin and mineral deficiencies in the human body. Using 107 input of physical symptoms and 17 output of the type of vitamin and mineral, the architecture of the ANN consist of 107-50-17 neurons for the input layer, hidden layer, and output layer respectively. Based on some trial and error experiments, can be determined the epoch, the learning rate, and the error rate to produce the optimal result of the detection. This experiment using 623 epochs, 0.0517 error rate, and 0.1 for the learning rate. The performance measurement conducted using precision, recall, and F-score, for each class output. The experiment shows the proposed ANN using BPN reaches an accuracy level of 73%.