Open AccessModeling and optimization of pilot-scale subcritical water extraction on Zingiber zerumbet by central composite design
Author(s) -
Siti Nur Khairunisa Mohd Amir,
Mariam Firdhaus Mad Nordin,
Kamyar Shameli,
Izzati Mohamad Abdul Wahab,
Mariani Abdul Hamid
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
iop conference series. materials science and engineering
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1757-899X
pISSN - 1757-8981
DOI - 10.1088/1757-899x/778/1/012077
Subject(s) - extraction (chemistry) , central composite design , yield (engineering) , chemistry , mathematics , traditional medicine , response surface methodology , chromatography , materials science , medicine , composite material
Zingiber zerumbet ( Z. zerumbet ) or locally called ‘ lempoyang ’ is one of the ginger species extensively cultivated and utilized in the Southeast Asia region. In order to extract valuable ingredients from Z. zerumbet , a green and non-toxic extraction process is implemented namely subcritical water extraction (SWE). Modeling and optimization of SWE of Z. zerumbet are performed using the central composite design (CCD) by 20 runs with 6 repetitions at the center point. The independent variables investigated in this research are temperature (130-170°C), time of extraction (20-40 minutes) and solid to solvent ratio (20-40 ml/g) that focused to identify the optimized process parameters for zerumbone concentration, antioxidant activity, and yield of extracts. All independent variables researched were analyzed to be significant as the p-value for zerumbone concentration, antioxidant activity and yield are 0.0001, which are less than 0.05 for a model to be significant. The optimum process parameters for all responses of Z. zerumbet extract are at 170°C, 20 minutes and 20 ml/g. This optimum condition was validated and the correlation between predicted and experimental values was within 95% which indicated the range of variables selected was valid. Thus, the outcome from this research may be beneficial on subcritical water extraction of ginger species especially Z. zerumbet.