Open AccessSubcritical Water as a Solvent for Extraction of Nickel and Aluminum Ions from Reforming Spent Catalysts
Author(s) -
Kevin Cleary Wanta,
W Gunawan,
Ratna Frida Susanti,
Gelar Panji Gemilar,
Himawan Tri Bayu Murti Petrus,
Widi Astuti
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
iop conference series. materials science and engineering
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1757-899X
pISSN - 1757-8981
DOI - 10.1088/1757-899x/742/1/012025
Subject(s) - nickel , extraction (chemistry) , catalysis , metal ions in aqueous solution , ion , materials science , metal , aluminium , solvent , particle size , nuclear chemistry , chemistry , metallurgy , chromatography , organic chemistry , biochemistry
Spent catalysts are categorized as hazardous waste because they still contain heavy metal elements. It indicates that spent catalysts need to be treated before they discharge to the environment. In this study, spent catalysts treatment was done using subcritical water extraction method. The extraction process was conducted by varying temperature and extraction times. Temperature was varied at 100–250°C, whereas time extraction was varied at 15–45 minutes. Operating pressure and particle size were kept at 70 bars and –60+70 mesh, respectively. The content of aluminum (III) (Al 3+ ) ions and nickel (II) (Ni 2+ ) ions were analyzed using UV–vis spectrophotometer. The experimental results showed that the highest content of both metal ions was achieved at 250°C and 45 minutes. The content of extracted Al 3+ ions and extracted Ni 2+ ions at those conditions was 623.39 and 35.03 ppm, respectively.