Open AccessExperimental assessments of metallic and metal oxide nanoparticles’ toxicity
Author(s) -
Larisa I. Privalova,
Marina P. Sutunkova,
Ilzira A. Minigaliyeva,
Svetlana V. Klinova,
Iu. V. Ryabova,
S. N. Solovyova,
Т. В. Бушуева,
Eleonore Fröhlich,
V. Ya. Shur,
И. В. Зубарев,
Oleg H. Makeyev,
Irene E. Valamina,
Vladimir G. Panov,
Е. В. Шишкина,
Vladimir B. Gurvich,
Boris A. Katsnelson
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
iop conference series. materials science and engineering
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1757-899X
pISSN - 1757-8981
DOI - 10.1088/1757-899x/699/1/012037
Subject(s) - toxicity , nanoparticle , genotoxicity , nanotoxicology , pulmonary toxicity , bronchoalveolar lavage , penetration (warfare) , intratracheal instillation , chemistry , lung , nanotechnology , materials science , pathology , medicine , organic chemistry , operations research , engineering
Nanoparticles of metals and their oxides (Me-NPs) are of special interest in the light of health risks assessment and management, because, along with engineered Me-NPs, there exists usually a substantial fraction of nanoscale (“ultrafine”) particles of the same substances within the particle size distribution of condensation aerosols generated by arc-welding, metallurgical, and some chemical technologies. The nonspecific responses of the organism to the impact of Me-NP included: changes in the cytological and some biochemical characteristics of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid caused by the deposition of particles in the lower airways, various manifestations of systemic toxicity including significant damage to the liver and kidneys, moderate neurological disturbances associated with possible penetration of Me-NP into the brain from the blood as well as from the nasal mucous membrane along the olfactory pathway, a paradoxically low manifestation of pulmonary pathology due to low chronic retention of nanoparticles in the lungs, and a genotoxic effect on the organism level. The toxicity and even genotoxicity of Me-NPs can be significantly attenuated by adequately composed combinations of some bioactive agents in innocuous doses.