Ventilation modes of operation and their representation at the power characteristics of turbine stages and compartments

The article proposes an analysis of the main approaches in the theory of ventilation processes applied to the correct determination of ventilation losses occurring in the stages and compartments of TPP steam turbines in operating modes with low volumetric flow rates in a low-pressure cylinder. The features of the flow of ventilation processes in the low-pressure flow parts of CHP steam turbines and methods of their study are presented. New physical and mathematical models for calculating the ventilation power losses in the flow part of the turbine are considered. The universal generalized mathematical dependence for a high-precision estimation of the ventilation power losses of the turbine compartments is substantiated, taking into account the whole variety of parameters determining the level of these losses. On its basis, the authors have created mathematical models for calculating several types of CHP steam turbines for rapid assessment and accounting of technical and economic indicators of turbine operation all the possible range of operating modes. The basis of the new calculation models is adequate power and flow rate characteristics of the turbine stages and compartments, so the computational results correlate well with the experimental data, allowing to analyze a wide range of operating modes.