Open AccessThe Effect of Stirring Time on The Characteristics of Carbonated Hydroxyapatite from Pearl Shells (Pinctada maxima)
Author(s) -
Rista Mutia Anggraini,
Yusril Yusuf
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
iop conference series. materials science and engineering
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1757-899X
pISSN - 1757-8981
DOI - 10.1088/1757-899x/546/4/042002
Subject(s) - fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , materials science , scanning electron microscope , lattice constant , diffractometer , mineralogy , analytical chemistry (journal) , chemistry , diffraction , composite material , chromatography , optics , physics
Carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHAp) is hydroxyapatite (HAp) substituted by carbonate ions that has bioactivity because of their similarities to the natural bone. Pearl shells ( Pinctada maxima ) have been used as natural ingredients for the synthesis of B type CHAp using precipitation method with different stirring time (0 h, 2 h, and 4 h). The CHAp was characterized by using X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The XRD results show the characteristics of B type CHAp from the position of the main peak and some diffraction plane, as well as from lattice constants a and c . The position of the main peak and plane (300) is above the position of pure HAp, plane (002) is below the position of pure HAp, and the lattice constants a are smaller than 9.418 Ǻ and c higher than 6.884. FTIR results showed that the main peak B type CHAp found at wavenumbers 874, 1450 and 1420 cm −1 . According to the FTIR data, it can be concluded that stirring time variations was affecting the intensity of the functional group peaks. The smallest crystal deffect found in 2 h stirring sample based on the calculation of microstrain. SEM results indicated that CHAp morphology was affecting by stirring time. The morphology of CHAp tends to agglomerate for sample with 4 h stirring time.