Demographic Factor as a Criterion for Forming Networks of Public Buildings in Ukraine

The study of the developmental delays of temporal and spatial transformations of architecture and the architectural space is often based on a comprehensive fact analysis. Demographic factors, among others, determine trends of architecture development of public buildings and complexes and changes in the structure of their networks for the short-term. The authors consider fact analysis and trends at three levels to deal with current architecture issues of demographic indicators: the macro-level (global and European), the state level (meso-level), and the micro-level (the region, city, and district level). The demographic situation in Ukraine is objectively different from both the average global trends and the situation in European countries. Currently, there are depopulation signs of changes in Ukraine. The pace of urbanization is projected to be rapid for low-income countries. It was also revealed that public buildings and complexes and their networks are the most sensitive to demographic changes and, at the same time, are more open to the upcoming changes. These changes will include: increasing role and demand for public buildings and complexes under conditions of rapid urbanization; designing in conditions of dense existing development; development, expansion and new types of public buildings appearance following the needs of the population progressive link; the need to create and redistribute networks of public building and complex types depending on the quantitative meanings of demographic forecasts; the predominance of modernization, renovation, expansion and reconstruction of existing buildings in comparison with new construction; providing public buildings with more multifunctionality; public buildings architectural and typological improvement with maximum use in the engineering, construction and operation of modern architectural and engineering innovative practices and techniques.