Open AccessCombined coagulation and intermittent sand filtration for on-site treatment of greywater
Author(s) -
Sukhendra Singh,
M. Mansoor Ahammed,
Irshad N. Shaikh
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
iop conference series. materials science and engineering
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1757-899X
pISSN - 1757-8981
DOI - 10.1088/1757-899x/1114/1/012031
Subject(s) - greywater , filtration (mathematics) , turbidity , coagulation , slow sand filter , effluent , sand filter , environmental science , environmental engineering , filter (signal processing) , pulp and paper industry , grain size , chemistry , water treatment , materials science , mathematics , composite material , wastewater , ecology , engineering , biology , medicine , psychiatry , statistics , electrical engineering
Performance of coagulation followed by intermittent saturated sand filtration system was evaluated for greywater treatment using real greywater. Filters with two different grain sizes were used to study the effect of media size on the removal. Filters were charged daily with 20 L of greywater coagulated with polyaluminium chloride (PACl). Performance of the filters were evaluated based on physicochemical and microbial parameters. Results showed that coagulation followed by sand filtration resulted in 94, 76 and 80% reduction in turbidity, BOD and COD respectively. Also, more than 99% of total and faecal coliform removal was observed. Sand filter with smaller grain size performed significantly better than the sand filter with coarser grain size. Coagulation followed by filtration showed stable and reliable performance as the effluent quality was insensitive to fluctuations in influent quality. Combined coagulation and sand filtration produced effluent conforming to different reuse standards.