Open AccessCatalytic co-pyrolysis palm oil empty fruit bunch and low-density polyethylene of plastic waste into high grade bio-oil
Author(s) -
_ Sunarno,
Zultiniar,
A. H. Santoso,
Panca Setia Utama
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
iop conference series. materials science and engineering
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1757-899X
pISSN - 1757-8981
DOI - 10.1088/1757-899x/1053/1/012101
Subject(s) - low density polyethylene , pyrolysis , heat of combustion , polyethylene , catalysis , raw material , materials science , yield (engineering) , biomass (ecology) , chemistry , pulp and paper industry , chemical engineering , nuclear chemistry , organic chemistry , composite material , agronomy , combustion , biology , engineering
Bio-oil produced from biomass pyrolysis is still acidic and has a low heating value. Co-pyrolysis is a process of pyrolysis of biomass and material that has a higher (H/C) effective. Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) is a type of plastic waste that has a higher hydrogen index than empty fruit bunch (EFB). To improve the quality of bio-oil, it is necessary to co-pyrolysis EFB and LDPE using a calcium oxide catalyst. The purpose of this research is to produce bio-oil from a mixture of EFB and LDPE, to determine the effect of the CaO catalyst ratio and temperature on the bio-oil yield, and to determine the physical and chemical characteristics of the bio-oil product. The catalytic co-pyrolysis process uses 10 grams of EFB/LDPE mixture (EFB/LDPE ratio 50%:50%), CaO catalyst with a variation of CaO/raw material ratio (1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5% w/w) and temperature variations (400°C, 450°C, 500°C,550 and 600 °C), with nitrogen gas flowing at a flow rate of 400 mL/min for 45 minutes. The highest yield generated on the use of CaO/raw material ratio of 5% w/w and temperature of 550 °C was 35.2%. The characteristics of the bio-oil obtained were the density of 0.948 g/mL, the viscosity of 4.18 cSt, pH of 4.04, and heating value of 43.4 MJ/Kg. The results of GC-MS analysis showed that bio-oil contained 37.05% phenol compounds, 27.88% hydrocarbon, 20.27% ketones, 7.21% alcohol, 4.36% aldehydes, and 1.08% ester.