Open AccessNumerical Simulation to Determine the Effectiveness of Groynes and Breakwaters as Protective Structures for Gandoriah Beach, Pariaman City
Author(s) -
Mas Mera,
D. Chrisnatilova
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
iop conference series. materials science and engineering
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1757-899X
pISSN - 1757-8981
DOI - 10.1088/1757-899x/1041/1/012001
Subject(s) - breakwater , shore , geology , submarine pipeline , computer simulation , bathymetry , geotechnical engineering , sedimentation , marine engineering , geomorphology , engineering , sediment , oceanography , simulation
This research is about numerical simulation to determine the effectiveness of groynes and breakwaters as protective structures for Gandoriah Beach in Pariaman City (West Sumatra - Indonesia) using an existing program. The effectiveness of the protective structure can be seen based on the bathymetry that is formed as a result of this structure performance. In the simulation of the present research, the direction of the incoming waves at the offshore boundary condition is the dominant direction, namely the west direction, with two wave conditions, namely during normal and stormy times. Simulations of morphological changes are carried out in six scenarios. The first three scenarios are for wave simulations under normal conditions with no shore protective structures (scenario 1), with groynes (scenario 2) and with breakwaters (scenario 3). Meanwhile, the second three scenarios are for wave simulation in storm conditions with no shore protective structures (scenario 4), with groynes (scenario 5) and with breakwaters (scenario 6). The simulation results for the 20 days state show that in normal wave conditions, the breakwaters have a fairly good performance for the formation of sedimentation behind the structures so that it is estimated that the formation formed is tembolo. Meanwhile, groyne is only effective to restrain the sedimentation rate along the structures. In the wave simulation during stormy time, there is a dominant current along the nearshore. In this case the performance of the groynes is better than the breakwaters because the groynes can inhibit the rate of erosion along the shore. Due to the use of breakwaters there is erosion behind the structures. Based on the simulation results without shore protective structures, both in normal and storm waves, abrasion and erosion processes occur, so that Gandoriah Beach needs handling.