Open AccessPlant leaves structural and functional parameters in different breeding periods buckwheat varieties
Author(s) -
А В Амелин,
А Н Фесенко,
В В Заикин,
Е И Чекалин
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
iop conference series. earth and environmental science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1755-1307
pISSN - 1755-1315
DOI - 10.1088/1755-1315/981/4/042066
Subject(s) - photosynthesis , biology , cultivar , transpiration , productivity , agronomy , ripening , horticulture , botany , economics , macroeconomics
Crops high productivity is largely determined by plants photosynthetic activity structural and functional indicators genotypic specificity. In this connection, we have conducted field studies on the photosynthetic potential, net productivity, photosynthetic capacity and leaf stomatal conductivity in 11 buckwheat varieties of different selection periods, which were conventionally divided into 3 groups: local populations (Orel region), old varieties - breeding of 1930-1960, and modern varieties - breeding of 1990-2010. It was shown that modern varieties, compared with predecessors, form more powerful photosynthetic potential due to the formation, mainly, large leaf plates, rather than increasing their functioning duration. At the same time, net photosynthetic productivity does not change significantly as a result of breeding. Its value depends to a greater extent on plant vegetation weather conditions than on their hereditary characteristics. At the same time, the leaves photosynthesis, transpiration and stomatal conductivity have undergone significant changes as a breeding result. These indicators values in the formation period and modern cultivars seeds ripening exceeded local populations and older varieties on average by 20.3 … 16.6 and 17.2%, respectively. It is noted that these indicators relationship with the variety final seed productivity is positive, and in some years has a significant value. In this regard, it is proposed in buckwheat crops to carry out directed selection for leaves increasing photosynthetic activity. Work in this direction may well be successful, as indicated by photosynthetic indicators of high heritable conditionality and broad polymorphism. Particular attention should be paid to genotypes with small and dense leaf plates characterized by high photosynthetic activity and low transpiration activity, which will ensure the sun and evaporated water converted energy-efficient use by plants for yield formation.