Open AccessRegeneration of Ion-Exchange Resins and Granular Activated Carbon with the Sonochemical Technique for Enabling Adsorption of Aqueous Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances
Author(s) -
Suratsawadee Sukeesan,
Suwanna Kitpati Boonta,
Narin Boonta,
Shigetada Fujii
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
iop conference series. earth and environmental science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1755-1307
pISSN - 1755-1315
DOI - 10.1088/1755-1315/973/1/012004
Subject(s) - adsorption , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , aqueous solution , regeneration (biology) , chemistry , ion exchange , activated carbon , nuclear chemistry , scanning electron microscope , chemical engineering , materials science , ion , organic chemistry , engineering , composite material , biology , microbiology and biotechnology
Regeneration of adsorbents for reuse is crucial for reducing operating costs and maintaining sustainable systems. Few researchers have studied the regeneration of sorbents without using chemical solvents or appropriate methods. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of the sonochemical technique (ST) for the regeneration of granular activated carbon (GAC), a mixed cation and anion resin (DOWEX MB-50), and an anion resin (IRA910) for the removal of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). The ST was performed at 120 kW, and the power density was 250 W L −1 for 30 min. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to examine physicochemical properties of the spent adsorbents. The removal efficiency of the spent adsorbent regeneration occurred in the following order: DOWEX > GAC > IRA910. As the PFAS-adsorbed adsorbents disappeared in the spectrum, the FTIR results showed the existence of a sulfonic group that is similar to the peaks of virgin sorbents. However, this method affected the morphology of GAC and IRA910 but not DOWEX MB-50. Consequently, the ST is a potential alternative to chemical regeneration for DOWEX MB-50 resins. It is also a potential method for an eco-friendly approach to regenerate PFAS-adsorbed materials.