Open AccessCharacterization of cellulose nanocrystalline isolated from banana peduncles using acid hydrolysis
Author(s) -
Ratna Ratna,
Sri Aprilia,
Nasrul Arahman,
Agus Arip Munawar
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
iop conference series. earth and environmental science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1755-1307
pISSN - 1755-1315
DOI - 10.1088/1755-1315/922/1/012072
Subject(s) - cellulose , crystallinity , hydrolysis , sulfuric acid , thermogravimetric analysis , acid hydrolysis , nanocrystalline material , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , yield (engineering) , nuclear chemistry , chemistry , materials science , organic chemistry , chemical engineering , composite material , crystallography , engineering
The study aimed to characterize cellulose nanocrystalline (NCCs) from banana peduncles using acid hydrolysis. The NCCs isolation process was done by hydrolysis using H2SO4 with concentrations of 1M, 2M, and 3M at a microwave power of 100 Watts within 1 hour of hydrolysis. The product of NCCs was characterized in term of yield, chemical composition (by FTIR), and its crystallinity. The result showed that the highest yield of 88.33% was obtained in acid hydrolysis at the concentration of 1M H2SO4. The results of the FTIR test showed that non-cellulose content had been removed and demonstrated that the molecular structure of cellulose does not change even when treated at different acid concentrations. X-Ray Diffraction analysis showed that crystallinity decreased by increasing the sulfamic acid concentration. The thermogravimetric analysis confirmed the heat resistance analysis and showed that the NCCs is gradually decomposed at a temperature range of 268.3–415.25 ¼C. The colour of cellulose nanocrystalline powder darkens as the sulfuric acid concentration increases.