Open AccessBreeding of perennial forage crops for disease resistance
Author(s) -
N.V. Razgulyaeva,
Natalia Kostenko,
N. M. Putsa,
E.Y. Blagoveshenskaya
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
iop conference series. earth and environmental science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1755-1307
pISSN - 1755-1315
DOI - 10.1088/1755-1315/901/1/012013
Subject(s) - biology , population , forage , agronomy , resistance (ecology) , cultivar , perennial plant , ruminant , plant disease resistance , plant breeding , microbiology and biotechnology , pasture , biochemistry , demography , sociology , gene
The creation of the initial breeding material of forage crops, promising in terms of disease resistance, is a difficult task that requires the solution of many related issues. Such studies should be carried out on artificial field infectious backgrounds. In FSC “VIK named after V.R. Williams” such backgrounds were created on the basis of data of long-term phytosanitary monitoring to identify the main diseases of forage crops. Techniques for creating field backgrounds and methods for laboratory assessment of resistance have been developed, which make it possible to reduce the number of samples evaluated against backgrounds, due to the rejection of susceptible to the disease. When evaluating 20 collection samples of meadow clover and awnless rump, 10 samples with increased disease resistance were identified. As a result of further breeding study of this material by methods of selection, self-pollination, cloning, promising biotypes in terms of disease resistance were obtained. On the basis of these biotypes, polycross populations of meadow clover and awnless rump were created. An assessment of the stability of these populations against artificial infectious backgrounds was carried out. In terms of resistance to fusarium, the polycross population of meadow clover exceeded the standard variety VIC 77 by 24%. The population of awnless rump exceeded the standard Fakelny cultivar by 21% on average over 2 years. A breeding program has been developed to create the initial material for meadow clover and awnless rump with increased disease resistance.