Open AccessMSW handling of top 5 leading waste-producing countries in Southeast Asia
Author(s) -
I S Arumdani,
A S Puspita,
Mochamad Arief Budihardjo
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
iop conference series. earth and environmental science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1755-1307
pISSN - 1755-1315
DOI - 10.1088/1755-1315/896/1/012003
Subject(s) - municipal solid waste , southeast asia , waste management , per capita , environmental pollution , greenhouse gas , environmental science , business , environmental protection , engineering , population , environmental health , medicine , ancient history , history , ecology , biology
In 2050, World Bank predicts up to 3.4 tonnes of solid waste generated worldwide. According to Jain (2017), Indonesia, Thailand, Vietnam, Philippines, and Malaysia are the top 5 countries producing enormous waste in Southeast Asia, producing 64, 26.77, 22, 14.66, 12.84 million tons, respectively. Countries in Southeast Asia contribute 1.14 kg/capita/day of waste worldwide; improperly controlled solid waste leads to environmental pollution and generates greenhouse gases. Therefore, this study will discuss further and compare the handling of MSW by the five most waste-producing countries in Southeast Asia. All countries in Southeast Asia produce solid waste dominated by organic waste as much as 50-70% of the total waste. Another waste composition varies between countries. Waste handling in each country, from source to disposal, is different. For example, Malaysia has not implemented waste composting while Indonesia and Thailand is the only country that conducts waste bank program. Above all, waste composition and infrastructure conditions play an essential role in determining the most suitable countries’ waste handling approaches.