Open AccessPreparation and characterization of cellulose microcrystalline made from palm oil midrib
Author(s) -
Pada Mulia Raja,
Ika Ucha Pradifta Rangkuti,
M. Hendra Ginting,
. Giyanto,
Wahyu F. Siregar
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
iop conference series. earth and environmental science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1755-1307
pISSN - 1755-1315
DOI - 10.1088/1755-1315/819/1/012002
Subject(s) - microcrystalline cellulose , crystallinity , palm oil , cellulose , elaeis guineensis , hydrolysis , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , microcrystalline , nuclear chemistry , scanning electron microscope , chemistry , yield (engineering) , materials science , chemical engineering , food science , organic chemistry , composite material , crystallography , engineering
Palm oil midribs are solid wastes from oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) plantations which have high cellulose content which has not been utilized in increasing economic value in the palm oil industry. This study aims to produce Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC) from PKS and characterize MCC. The stages of this research are 1). Lignocellulose delignification from oil palm midribs with HNO3 3,5% and NaNO2 at a temperature of 90°C for 2 hours, followed by heating in the mixture of NaOH 2% and Na2SO3 2% at a temperature of 50°C for 2 hours. The second stage of delignification process was using a solution of NaOH 10%. 2). Hydrolysis of α-Cellulose (the results from delignification) with a solution of H2SO4 with each concentration of 1 N; 1.5 N; 2N; 2.5N; 3N; 3.5N and simmer at 80°C temperature for 30 minutes. From the hydrolysis results, the optimum yield from MCC is 87.9% using concentration of H2SO4 2,5N. 3). The resulting MCC was then analysed using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). FTIR uptake from the MCC results showed the existence of wave numbers at 3344.57 cm-1 and 2897.08 cm-1 which indicated the presence of OH and CH groups. The results of the analysis with SEM showed that the MCC produced had a particle diameter of < 10 µm. From the results of the analysis using XRD, it is known that MCC has a crystallinity of 76.47%.