Open AccessPhotochemical modeling of PM2.5 and design measures for PM2.5 reduction: A case of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Author(s) -
Bang Quoc Ho,
Van-Dung Hoang,
Thị Thu Hien Nguyen,
Thoai Tam Nguyen,
Thi Thuy Hang Nguyen,
Nguyen Thi Dang Khoa,
Phu Le Vo
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
iop conference series. earth and environmental science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1755-1307
pISSN - 1755-1315
DOI - 10.1088/1755-1315/652/1/012025
Subject(s) - ho chi minh , air pollution , pollution , air quality index , environmental science , pollutant , environmental engineering , particulates , environmental health , geography , meteorology , chemistry , cartography , scale (ratio) , medicine , ecology , organic chemistry , biology
Vietnam’s urban areas have faced with serious environmental pollution issues, including: water pollution, municipal waste and air pollution. Air in Ho Chi Minh city is polluted by PM 2.5 (particle matter with the diameter is less than 2.5 μm, so-called PM 2.5 ), O3, CO, NO2 and TSP which greatly affects public health. In 2017, Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) had 8,640,000 inhabitants with a total of 7,339,552 motorcycles and 637,323 automobiles. There are about 2,500 factories, 2,061,957 household and 5,096 restaurants in the city. The aim of this study is to (i) conduct a detailed air pollution emission inventory for PM 2.5 ; (ii) stimulate PM 2.5 ’s dispersion in HCMC and (iii) propose mitigation measures for PM 2.5 in the city. Simulations of air pollution were conducted in HCMC by using TAPM-CTM system model. The model performance was evaluated using observed meteorological data at Tan Son Hoa station and air quality data at the Ho Chi Minh City University of Science. The result states that the sum of air pollutants from main sources of disposal in HCMC is 3,978.32 ton of PM 2.5 in 2017. Average maximum 1 hours, 24 hours and annual of PM 2.5 concentration in 2017 does not exceed QCVN 05:2013/BTNMT, but it is 1.3 to 2.3 times higher than the WHO’s guideline. Therefore, the PM 2.5 in HCMC impacts on public health of HCMC. To control and manage the air’s quality and minimize the generation of PM 2.5 in HCMC there are possible solutions such as the control of air pollutants from the main source, the creation of encouraging policy, the regulation of air pollutants in HCMC and the raising people’s awareness of environmental protection.