Degradation and restoration of mountain pastures

The destructions which occur in the mountain phytocenosis reduce the adaptive capabilities of plant formation, as a result their productivity, longevity and resistance to adverse factors decrease. The species previously typical of indigenous communities do not find ecological niches. They are on the verge of extinction. This contributes to the degradation of species composition. Various secondary communities become widespread, the whole complex of existence in which differs from the conditions of indigenous communities. In order to study the state of mountain vegetation, phytocenoses were monitored and assessed, taking into account the presence of leguminous components. Vegetation monitoring was carried with regard to the vertical zonation, where the plant species and their disappearance were determined under the influence of anthropogenic and zoogenic factors. The areas with high degradation were determined, where the amount of plant formation increased and the diversity of valuable grass and bean cultures decreased, depending on anthropogenic factors. It was found that the early spring period nutrition of growing plants with the biological product Nikfan promotes the increase in the fodder mass of plants, ensuring their growth and full development. In our experiments, the doses of the biological product in a concentration of 0.1% were justified, creating favorable conditions for the development and growth rate of crops and beans.