Open AccessProgress of used beverages carton recycling system in Indonesia: A review
Author(s) -
Andri Taufick Rizaluddin,
Ike Rostika,
Reza Bastari Imran Wattimena
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
iop conference series. earth and environmental science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1755-1307
pISSN - 1755-1315
DOI - 10.1088/1755-1315/483/1/012013
Subject(s) - carton , foil method , composite number , fiber , materials science , composite material , pressing , paperboard , aluminum foil , ultimate tensile strength , raw material , waste management , chemistry , organic chemistry , layer (electronics) , engineering
The potential to recycle Used Beverages Carton (UBC) in Indonesia is quite promising. Based on data from packaging manufacturers in 2016, it is estimated that the potential number of UBC reaches more than 50,000 tons, with fiber content is around 74 %, while polyethylene (PE) and alumunium foil materials together are around 26 %. The UBC recycling process consists of a hydropulper, screen, thickener and wet lap machine process. In this study, the composition of recycled fiber from UBC consisted mainly long fiber (3-5 mm) of approximately 52 %. The study shows that UBC fiber quality exceeds OCC quality and relatively similar to NUKP quality, which has 52.5 % long fiber content, tensile index 50.49 Nm/g, tear index 9.4 mN.m 2 /g, and burst index 5.76 kPa.m 2 /g, respectively. PE and alumunium foil also have the potential to be utilized as composite raw materials with aluminum foil served as matrix, fiber served as filler, and PE served as bonding agent. The composite production involved pressing process with a pressure of 30 kg/cm 2 and high temperatures of around 125 to 165 °C. The resulting composite product has a mass density of approximately 0.81-0.93 g/cm 3 , which is above the minimum value to be categorized as high density composite (0.8 g/cm 3 ). The composite products also have flammability properties ranging from 3.0 to 3.2 cm/min, and water absorption around 14 %.