Evaluation of the effect of modern drainage technologies on the physical properties and productivity of mineral hydromorphic soils

Main features of water regime of Umbric Albeluvisols Abruptic and Gleyic Albeluvisols Abruptic were studied. Two layers of surface water appear in soils in spring and fall, hence, the yields are decreased or crops die. Drainage is shown to eliminate surface water. Plastic drainage causes more intensive drainage effect than ceramic trench drainage in wet years. Regardless of the type of drainage, it is always an additional reason for the deep desiccation of surface soil horizons during the summer drought. Drainage leads to an increase in specific surface area of soils, total soil porosity, number of water stable aggregates, including those in the lower horizons. Favorable conditions for the cultivation of crops, especially for grain crops, are formed on drained soils of the Nonchernozem region.