Open AccessReduced health burden and economic benefits of cleaner fuel usage from household energy consumption across rural and urban China
Author(s) -
Chenxi Lu,
Shaohui Zhang,
Chang Tan,
Yun Li,
Zhu Liu,
Karyn Morrissey,
W. Neil Adger,
Taochun Sun,
Hao Yin,
Jiahong Guo
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
environmental research letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.37
H-Index - 124
ISSN - 1748-9326
DOI - 10.1088/1748-9326/ac4535
Subject(s) - stove , china , consumption (sociology) , rural area , population , energy consumption , agricultural economics , urbanization , socioeconomics , geography , business , environmental health , economic growth , economics , medicine , ecology , social science , archaeology , pathology , sociology , biology
Energy consumption in the residential sector is increasing rapidly in China. This study applies an integrated assessment model to investigate the adverse impacts of household energy consumption by various fuel types across rural and urban areas on age- and sex-specific premature deaths associated with PM 2.5 pollution at provincial levels for 2015. We further estimate the economic and health co-benefits of a switch from solid fuels to electricity within households. We find that energy consumed by Chinese urban households is nearly 1.6 times than that of rural households. However, premature deaths due to household energy usage is 1.1 times higher in rural areas compared to urban areas due to direct use of coal for heating in rural households. The majority of household consumption-related premature deaths are predominately in the Southern area of China due to the population size and aging population. By replacing coal and biomass with electricity, this paper estimates economic benefits equal to 0.09% (95% CI: 0.08%–0.1%) GDP for rural areas and 0.006% (0.005%–0.007%) of GDP for urban areas of China. The results suggest that mitigation measures such as the promotion and subsidization of cleaner fuels, modern stove within rural households would yield these potential significant economic benefits.