Open AccessInfluence of model resolution on bomb cyclones revealed by HighResMIP-PRIMAVERA simulations
Author(s) -
Gao Jiaxiang,
Shoshiro Minobe,
Malcolm Roberts,
Reindert J. Haarsma,
Dian Putrasahan,
Christopher D. Roberts,
Enrico Scoccimarro,
Laurent Terray,
Benoît Vannière,
Pier Luigi Vidale
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
environmental research letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.37
H-Index - 124
ISSN - 1748-9326
DOI - 10.1088/1748-9326/ab88fa
Subject(s) - extratropical cyclone , cyclone (programming language) , environmental science , meteorology , wind speed , climatology , cyclogenesis , atmospheric sciences , resolution (logic) , tropical cyclone , geology , geography , engineering , field programmable gate array , artificial intelligence , computer science , embedded system
Bomb cyclones are explosively intensifying extratropical cyclones that can cause severe damage to life and property. However, the poor ability of coarse-resolution climate models to simulate bomb cyclones, including underestimation of the frequency of bomb cyclones, remains a problem. In this study, the dependence of bomb cyclone characteristics on horizontal resolution from 135 to 18 km is investigated by analyzing the outputs of HighResMIP historical simulations of atmospheric general circulation models and four reanalysis datasets. Robust resolution dependence of bomb cyclone characteristics is identified for both the models and the reanalyses. Finer horizontal resolution significantly increases the frequency of bomb cyclones and reduces their average horizontal size. A regression analysis indicates that bomb cyclone frequency is roughly doubled from 140 km to 25 km resolution. The overall increase in bomb cyclone number is associated with a large increase in small bomb cyclones and a moderate decrease in large ones. Bomb cyclones in higher-resolution models are also accompanied by a higher maximum wind speed and more extreme wind events, which is probably related to the increased pressure gradients due to the smaller size of the bomb cyclones. These results imply that high-resolution models should be used for evaluating the impacts of bomb cyclones.