Open AccessApplication of AFM, TEM, and NTA for characterization of exosomes produced by placenta-derived mesenchymal cells
Author(s) -
Dmitry Bagrov,
A. M. Senkovenko,
I. I. Nikishin,
Gleb O Skryabin,
Pavel Kopnin,
Elena M. Tchevkina
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of physics. conference series
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.21
H-Index - 85
eISSN - 1742-6596
pISSN - 1742-6588
DOI - 10.1088/1742-6596/1942/1/012013
Subject(s) - microvesicles , nanoparticle tracking analysis , characterization (materials science) , atomic force microscopy , transmission electron microscopy , mesenchymal stem cell , nanotechnology , nanoparticle , materials science , chemistry , microbiology and biotechnology , biophysics , microrna , biology , biochemistry , gene
Exosomes and microvesicles usually require characterization at the single-particle level. The most commonly used methods for this purpose are transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). However, atomic force microscopy (AFM) is also a promising method for the characterization of exosomes, and its opportunities seem underestimated. Here we describe the characterization of exosomes isolated from the conditioned media of human placenta cells using AFM, TEM, and NTA; we focus on the technical aspects of AFM imaging and data processing.