Effect of Concavity Configuration Parameters on Hydrodynamic and Thermal Performance in 3D Circular Pipe using Al2O3 Nanofluid Based on CFD Simulation

Enhancement of heat transfer by employing nanofluids have obtained important consideration over the past two decades. Nanofluid types are appropriate as the alternative working fluid for many different fields, such as automotive, air conditioning, electronics, nuclear applications, and power generation. Flow behaviour structure and heat performance and the hydrodynamic thermal characteristics of Al2O3 Nanofluid under different concavity (dimple) configuration parameters, are numerically analysed through using ANSYS FLUENT technique. The Nanofluid is used in a three-dimension circular pipe with modified varying dimple diameters (d = 1, 2, and 3 mm) are applied for computational calculations and compared with a smooth plain pipe under different operating conditions. The outcomes of CFD analysis are presented the generation of more turbulence flow near pipe wall area can effectively improve heat transfer in dimple pipe due to the vortex flow can cause more destruction in boundary flow layer that leads to of boundary layer thickness to become thinner hence the shear stress at pipe wall is augmented. Moreover, The Nu number of dimple diameter of 3 mm is higher than other cases. The average value is 51% higher than the normal pipe. Furthermore, the dimple pipes’ performances with a concavity diameter of 1 mm have advantages than other concavity diameters under similar corrugation conditions.