Open AccessModification of carbon black by thermal treatment in air atmosphere
Author(s) -
T. I. Milenov,
I. Avramova,
Georgi Avdeev,
J. Mladenoff,
D. Pishinkov,
Kaloyan V. Genkov,
Anton D. Zyapkov,
Stoyan C. Russev,
Alex Nikolov,
N.E. Stankova,
R. Velikova,
Stefan K. Kolev,
E. Valcheva
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of physics. conference series
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.21
H-Index - 85
eISSN - 1742-6596
pISSN - 1742-6588
DOI - 10.1088/1742-6596/1492/1/012063
Subject(s) - raman spectroscopy , x ray photoelectron spectroscopy , thermal treatment , annealing (glass) , carbon black , scanning electron microscope , materials science , analytical chemistry (journal) , carbon fibers , acetone , diffraction , chemistry , chemical engineering , organic chemistry , composite material , optics , physics , natural rubber , composite number , engineering
We modified carbon black (CB) with a large surface area (ENSACO 350 GRANULAR) by acetone and further thermal treatment. The pristine and the modified CB were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. The acetone treatment increases the content of oxygen-containing radicals in CB. The thermal annealing was performed at temperatures ranging from 250 °C to 1080 °C for three hours in air atmosphere. The powder XRD patterns revealed that the broad complex peak centered at about 2θ = 24.7 – 24.8°, which arises from graphitic-ordered sp 2 -hybridized carbon, shifts to its usual position at 2θ = 26.2° as the annealing temperature is increased. We concluded that the above results pointed to a relative decrease in the number of 3D graphitic nano-crystals and an increase in the predominantly 2D ones. The Raman studies confirmed the above conclusions.