Open AccessPhysical model of a heterogeneous medium as applied to nuclear medicine
Author(s) -
N. V. Denisova
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of physics. conference series
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.21
H-Index - 85
eISSN - 1742-6596
pISSN - 1742-6588
DOI - 10.1088/1742-6596/1404/1/012014
Subject(s) - a priori and a posteriori , principle of maximum entropy , computer science , boltzmann constant , algorithm , distribution (mathematics) , entropy (arrow of time) , object (grammar) , human body , single photon emission computed tomography , artificial intelligence , nuclear medicine , physics , mathematics , medicine , mathematical analysis , philosophy , epistemology , quantum mechanics , thermodynamics
In nuclear medicine, a patient is administered a radiolabeled pharmaceutical which is distributed in various organs of a patient body. The patient body with distributed emitting radiopharmaceutical is a heterogeneous medium. In this work, the problem of reconstructing the image of the human brain using single-photon emission tomography (SPET) is considered. To obtain the image, the statistical MAP-ENT algorithm is applied. To develop this algorithm, it is necessary to formulate a priori information about the object to be reconstructed. The distribution of radiopharmaceuticals in the patient’s body is a spatially inhomogeneous distribution of non-interacting radiopharmaceutical particles. This distribution is described using the Boltzmann model of a non-equilibrium isolated system. For such a system, one can write the entropy functional, which determines the a priori model. The algorithm was tested using the Hoffman mathematical model, which simulates the distribution of a radiopharmaceutical in the human brain. In numerical experiments, the properties of the MAP-ENT algorithm were studied under conditions close to clinical practice. The results have shown the prospects of the MAP-ENT algorithm.