Silicon chemistry for sustainable development of rice agriculture

The literature reviewed paper was aimed to explain the role of paddy’s plantation for reserving silica powder, to explain the current developing of advanced materials from the high siliconeous rice plant biomasses, to propose a scheme of value addition of paddy’s biomasses for sustainable rice agriculture development. A comprehensive literature review through meta analysis on articles published in last few decades was conducted. Because of high silicon content of rice biomasses especially rice straws and husks and their abundance in availability, the rich silicon biomasses can be used as raw material for producing a high purity reactive fine powder silica, and unexpesive and environment-friendly production processes. Current development results on advanced materials from the rich siliconeous biomasses were reported, namely silicon carbides, amorphous reactive silica, nanosilica, and silica-carbon nanocomposite. The implementation of silicon chemistry takes important role for enhancing the added value of rice husks and straws as the side products of paddy’s agriculture to produce some advanced materials inexpensively and environment-friendly. The added values can be considered to overcome the problems of lack paddy’s farmer income and the land conversion tendency of rice field, thus the paddy’s agriculture can be developed sustainably.