Open AccessMicrovesicles: ROS scavengers and ROS producers
Author(s) -
Bodega G.,
Alique M.,
Puebla L.,
Carracedo J.,
Ramírez R. M.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of extracellular vesicles
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.94
H-Index - 68
ISSN - 2001-3078
DOI - 10.1080/20013078.2019.1626654
Subject(s) - microvesicles , microbiology and biotechnology , reactive oxygen species , oxidative stress , intracellular , extracellular , antioxidant , cell signaling , microvesicle , chemistry , biology , signal transduction , microrna , biochemistry , gene
ABSTRACT This review analyzes the relationship between microvesicles and reactive oxygen species (ROS). This relationship is bidirectional; on the one hand, the number and content of microvesicles produced by the cells are affected by oxidative stress conditions; on the other hand, microvesicles can directly and/or indirectly modify the ROS content in the extra‐ as well as the intracellular compartments. In this regard, microvesicles contain a pro‐oxidant or antioxidant machinery that may produce or scavenge ROS: direct effect. This mechanism is especially suitable for eliminating ROS in the extracellular compartment. Endothelial microvesicles, in particular, contain a specific and well‐developed antioxidant machinery. On the other hand, the molecules included in microvesicles can modify (activate or inhibit) ROS metabolism in their target cells: indirect effect. This can be achieved by the incorporation into the cells of ROS metabolic enzymes included in the microvesicles, or by the regulation of signaling pathways involved in ROS metabolism. Proteins, as well as miRNAs, are involved in this last effect.