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Viral Interactions with the Nuclear Transport Machinery: Discovering and Disrupting Pathways
Author(s) -
Fontoura Beatriz MA,
Faria Paula A.,
Nussenzveig Daniel R.
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
iubmb life
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.132
H-Index - 113
eISSN - 1521-6551
pISSN - 1521-6543
DOI - 10.1080/15216540500078608
Subject(s) - nuclear transport , nuclear pore , nuclear export signal , microbiology and biotechnology , nucleoporin , biology , messenger rna , ran , cell nucleus , gene , genetics , nucleus
Viruses have been invaluable tools for discovering key pathways of nucleocytoplasmic transport. Conversely, disruption of specific nuclear transport pathways, are crucial for the productive life cycle of some viruses. The major cellular mRNA export pathway, which uses TAP (NXF1)/p15(NXT) as receptor, was discovered as a result of TAP interaction with CTE‐containing RNAs from Mason‐Pfizer Monkey Virus. In addition, CRM1 or exportin 1, which is a transport receptor that mediates nuclear export of proteins, snRNAs, rRNAs and a small subset of mRNAs, was discovered as an interacting partner of the Rev protein of HIV1. Viruses may disrupt the nuclear transport machinery to prevent host antiviral response. VSV Matrix (M) protein inhibits mRNA export by forming a complex with the mRNA export factor Rae1 whereas poliovirus inhibits nuclear import of proteins by probably degrading Nup62 and Nup153. Hence, this review focuses on viruses as tools and as disruptors of nucleocytoplasmic trafficking.IUBMB Life, 57: 65‐72, 2005