Premium
Morphine‐related apnoea in CPAP‐treated preterm neonates
Author(s) -
Enders Jan,
Gebauer Corinna,
Pulzer Ferdinand,
RobelTillig Eva,
Knüpfer Matthias
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
acta pædiatrica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.772
H-Index - 115
eISSN - 1651-2227
pISSN - 0803-5253
DOI - 10.1080/08035250600577871
Subject(s) - medicine , morphine , anesthesia , incidence (geometry) , gestational age , apnea , pregnancy , physics , biology , optics , genetics
Background: Morphine can be used to treat pain in preterm neonates with CPAP because of its analgetic potency; however, it is known to induce apnoea. Aim: To evaluate this risk of apnoea. Methods: We retrospectively analysed 91 preterm neonates with CPAP who received morphine intravenously. The incidence of apnoea 4 h before and after morphine administration was compared. The data were analysed for three dosage groups (<0.01, 0.01–0.03 and 0.03 mg/kg) and according to the incidence of apnoea before morphine application. Results: In the whole group (gestational age 29.1±2.9 wk, morphine dosage 0.017±0.01 mg/kg) we did not find differences in apnoea before and after morphine (0.9±1.8 vs 1.1±1.8 apnoea). The only significant increase in apnoea was seen in the subgroup of patients receiving > 0.03 mg/kg (0.3±0.67 vs 1.5±2.5 apnoea). Interestingly, we found a significantly delayed increase in apnoea in the fourth hour. Conclusion: Morphine in preterm infants with CPAP is not widely accepted practice until further randomized studies evaluate efficacy and safety. Morphine in a low dosage (≤0.03 mg/kg) did not significantly increase the apnoea rate in CPAP‐treated preterm infants. For clinical work, it is very important to note that morphine‐related apnoea may appear with a delay of approximately 4 h.