Open AccessLack of association between pandemic chilblains and SARS-CoV-2 infection
Author(s) -
Jeff R. Gehlhausen,
Alicia J. Little,
Christine J. Ko,
Marc Emmenegger,
Carolina Lucas,
Patrick Wong,
Jon Klein,
Peiwen Lu,
Tianyang Mao,
Jillian R. Jaycox,
Eric Wang,
Nelson Ugwu,
Cate Muenker,
Dilgash Mekael,
Rhonda Q. Klein,
Robert Patrignelli,
Richard J. Antaya,
Jennifer M. McNiff,
William Damsky,
Kathy Kamath,
John Shon,
Aaron M. Ring,
İnci Yıldırım,
Saad B. Omer,
Albert Icksang Ko,
Adriano Aguzzi,
Akiko Iwasaki,
Abeer Obaid,
Alice Lu-Culligan,
Allison Nelson,
Anderson Brito,
Ángela Núñez,
Anjelica Martin,
Annie Watkins,
Bertie Geng,
Chaney C. Kalinich,
Christina A. Harden,
Codruta Todeasa,
Christine C. Jensen,
Daniel Kim,
David McDonald,
Denise Shepard,
Edward Courchaine,
Elizabeth B. White,
Eric Song,
Erin Silva,
Eriko Kudo,
Giuseppe DeIuliis,
Harold Rahming,
HongJai Park,
Irene Matos,
Jessica Nouws,
Jordan Valdez,
Joseph R. Fauver,
Joseph K. Lim,
Kadi-Ann Rose,
Kelly Anastasio,
Kristina Brower,
Laura Glick,
Lokesh Sharma,
Lorenzo R. Sewanan,
Lynda Knaggs,
Maksym Minasyan,
Maria Batsu,
Mary E. Petrone,
Maxine Kuang,
Maura Nakahata,
Melissa Campbell,
Melissa Linehan,
Michael H. Askenase,
Michael Simonov,
Mikhail Smolgovsky,
Nicole Sonnert,
Nida Naushad,
Pavithra Vijayakumar,
Rick Martinello,
Rupak Datta,
Ryan Handoko,
Santos Bermejo,
Sarah Prophet,
Sean Bickerton,
Sofia Velazquez,
Tara Alpert,
Tyler Rice,
William Khoury-Hanold,
Xiaohua Peng,
Yexin Yang,
Yanyan Cao,
Yvette Strong
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
proceedings of the national academy of sciences of the united states of america
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.011
H-Index - 771
eISSN - 1091-6490
pISSN - 0027-8424
DOI - 10.1073/pnas.2122090119
Subject(s) - pandemic , virology , medicine , coronavirus , immunology , antibody , covid-19 , pathology , infectious disease (medical specialty) , disease
Significance Chilblain diagnoses have increased during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic and have been attributed to viral infection and a subsequent robust antiviral immune response. As a result, providers have managed these cases differently than idiopathic chilblains, which are associated with cold exposure. The relationship between pandemic chilblains and SARS-CoV-2 infection, however, remains unclear as most patients do not test positive for SARS-CoV-2–specific PCR or antibodies. To better understand this disconnect, we enrolled cases of pandemic chilblains in a study and performed detailed immune profiling of antibody and T cell responses. Additionally, we compared immunohistochemical staining of pandemic chilblains with prepandemic tissues. Our results do not support SARS-CoV-2 as the cause of the increased chilblain incidence.