Open AccessPhase-transforming metamaterial with magnetic interactions
Author(s) -
Xudong Liang,
Hongbo Fu,
Alfred Crosby
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
proceedings of the national academy of sciences of the united states of america
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.011
H-Index - 771
eISSN - 1091-6490
pISSN - 0027-8424
DOI - 10.1073/pnas.2118161119
Subject(s) - metamaterial , materials science , pseudoelasticity , shape memory alloy , phase transition , elastic energy , phase (matter) , magnetic shape memory alloy , elasticity (physics) , condensed matter physics , magnetic field , chemical physics , thermodynamics , composite material , optoelectronics , magnetization , physics , martensite , magnetic domain , microstructure , quantum mechanics
Significance Material phase transitions offer promise for driving motion and managing high-rate energy transfer events; however, engineering conventional phase transitions at a molecular or atomic level is challenging. We overcome this challenge by coupling multiple interacting fields within a metamaterial framework. Specifically, we embed magnetic domains, with nonlinear, orientationally dependent force interactions, within elastic structures to control reversible phase transitions and program high–strain-rate deformation. The resulting high-rate energy transformations are used to enhance elastic recoil, which could be used to drive high-power motion and to quickly dampen impact loading events. The developed Landau free energy–based model for this material system broadens the impact of this advance, setting the stage for metamaterials with wide-ranging compositions, interacting fields, and engineered properties.