Open AccessBisphenol A replacement chemicals, BPF and BPS, induce protumorigenic changes in human mammary gland organoid morphology and proteome
Author(s) -
Juliane Winkler,
Pengyuan Liu,
Kiet Phong,
Johanna H. Hinrichs,
Nassim Ataii,
Katherine E. Williams,
Elin HadlerOlsen,
Susan L. Samson,
Zev J. Gartner,
Susan J. Fisher,
Zena Werb
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
proceedings of the national academy of sciences of the united states of america
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1091-6490
pISSN - 0027-8424
DOI - 10.1073/pnas.2115308119
Subject(s) - organoid , bisphenol a , human breast , bisphenol s , biology , bisphenol , human health , microbiology and biotechnology , chemistry , medicine , breast cancer , cancer , genetics , environmental health , organic chemistry , epoxy
Significance Bisphenol A (BPA), found in many plastic products, has weak estrogenic effects that can be harmful to human health. Thus, structurally related replacements—bisphenol S (BPS) and bisphenol F (BPF)—are coming into wider use with very few data about their biological activities. Here, we compared the effects of BPA, BPS, and BPF on human mammary organoids established from normal breast tissue. BPS disrupted organoid architecture and induced supernumerary branching. At a proteomic level, the bisphenols altered the abundance of common targets and those that were unique to each compound. The latter included proteins linked to tumor-promoting processes. These data highlighted the importance of testing the human health effects of replacements that are structurally related to chemicals of concern.