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Significance Sexual eukaryotes fall into two groups with respect to their RecA-like recombinases. The first group possesses Rad51 (ubiquitous) and Dmc1 (meiosis-specific), which cooperate to conduct interhomolog recombination in zygotes with high sequence heterogeneity. Interestingly, Dmc1 was lost from the second group of eukaryotic organisms. Here we used the industrial workhorse fungusTrichoderma reesei to address if and how Rad51-only eukaryotes carry out hybrid meiosis. We show thatT. reesei Rad51 (Tr Rad51) is indispensable for interhomolog recombination during meiosis and thatTr Rad51, likeSaccharomyces cerevisiae Dmc1, possesses a better mismatch tolerability thanS. cerevisiae Rad51. Our results indicate that the ancestralTr Rad51 evolved to acquire Dmc1-like properties by adopting multiple structural variations in the L1 and L2 DNA-binding loops.

Trichoderma reesei Rad51 tolerates mismatches in hybrid meiosis with diverse genome sequences