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Energy landscapes of ion clusters in isotropic quadrupolar and octupolar traps
Author(s) -
F. Calvo,
E. Yurtsever,
David J. Wales
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
the journal of chemical physics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.071
H-Index - 357
eISSN - 1089-7690
pISSN - 0021-9606
DOI - 10.1063/1.3673318
Subject(s) - isotropy , cluster (spacecraft) , relaxation (psychology) , chemistry , ion , molecular physics , chemical physics , arrhenius equation , atomic physics , activation energy , homogeneous , physics , thermodynamics , optics , psychology , social psychology , computer science , programming language , organic chemistry
The energy landscapes of ion clouds confined in isotropic quadrupolar and octupolar traps are characterized for several representative cluster sizes. All clusters exhibit stable multishell structures that belong to separate funnels. Quadrupolar confinement leads to more homogeneous clusters and denser distributions of isomers than octupolar confinement. Statistical analysis of the transition states indicates that the barriers associated with intrashell motion are lower but more asymmetric and more cooperative compared to intershell motion. The relaxation between low-energy funnels with different arrangements of shells mostly exhibits Arrhenius kinetics, with a weak variation of the activation energy at higher temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR

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